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Two things I have learned...
by Peter 06 Nov '22

06 Nov '22

I suppose to many this may be childishly obvious, but in case it helps anyone, here are two things I have learned. The first is to do with the Kobo e-reader. I find the Plato reader much nicer than the regular one it comes with, and the way to install it is given here https://www.mobileread.com/forums/showthread.php?t=314220 The simplest is to use the install script provided here: https://www.mobileread.com/forums/showpost.php?p=3797096&postcount=2 I first tried installing KOReader, which a lot of people seem to like, and you can install both of them from the install script, but it led to a very messy layout, so I reset it to factory and then installed just Plato. This is on the Kobo Aura One, which I find perfect. Its small enough to handle, but it has a 7.8 inch screen which is big enough to read comfortably on for a long time. You can control the amount of blue light, as well as brightness. The other thing about the Kobo is the registration procedure, and there is a very simple way of avoiding having to do this. During the activation you choose 'no wifi'. You can then access the files on the device from terminal or file manager. So you open a terminal, enter the folder containing KoboReader.sqlite, and run the following: sqlite3 KoboReader.sqlite "INSERT INTO user(UserID,UserKey) VALUES('1','');" Restart and you have activated. Wonderfully simple, private, and it avoids having to mess with the sqlite database. The second thing I learned was about AMD and suspend. Having put together a new machine with an AMD processor I was expecting to be able to use xautolock, with pm-suspend as the lock program. But the result was that it did indeed suspend, and when a key is hit, it seems to wake, but the screen remained black. I did two things after which it works flawlessly, but I am not sure which of them was effective, or whether you need to do both. I installed the AMD and RTL non-free firmware. And I also took the kernel to the testing branch of Debian, and the way you do this, without taking the whole installation to testing, is to modify /etc/apt/preferences as follows (I had to create since not already there): Package: * Pin: release a=bullseye Pin-Priority: 500 Package: linux-image-amd64 Pin: release a=testing Pin-Priority: 1000 Package: * Pin: release a=testing Pin-Priority: 100 So the idea is that it only takes the kernel updates from testing. And amazingly enough this has worked, its now on 5.19 whereas bullseye came with 5.10, and xautolock loads at startup and works perfectly! Two small victories. Peter

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How to get a dumb WiFi only device to use a proxied connection?
by Chris Green 03 Nov '22

03 Nov '22

I need to provide 'proxied' WiFi when I'm on my boat in France so that, among other things, I can log on to my doctor's web site to order repeat prescriptions and to allow my Kobo Forma (reader, like a Kindle) to access my public library. Both of these fail when tried directly from abroad. So I thought a VPN might be the way to do this but every time I look into doing it I seem to hit a problem. The Kobo Forma has little flexibility, all it can do is connect to WiFi, you can't tell it any more than the SSID and password. Thus I need to somehow provide a 'proxied' WiFi connection that makes the Kobo look as if it's connecting from a UK IP address. The router on the boat is a TP-Link Archer MR200 and it does have VPN ability, however on looking into it it seems to be a VPN server which is little use. I want it to be a VPN client and connect to a VPN server in the UK (don't I?). I can easily enough set up a router here at home in the UK that runs a VPN server, but again I fail to see how that helps as I can't get the Kobo to log in to the VPN. Everyone tells me that VPNs are the solution to everything but I still fail to see how they can help me at all! :-) Can anyone here help me to a solution of my problem? I'm fairly techie, I'm familiar with proxying using ssh and reverse tunnels and all sorts of things like that but this still has me stumped. -- Chris Green

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No input levels?
by Bev Nicolson 13 Oct '22

13 Oct '22

I've had this problem for a while and tried a few things, but before I finally give up I thought I'd ask ALUG about it. Without headphones plugged in, there is a clear input level showing on the sound settings. With any headphones plugged in, however, none. So I can watch videos or whatever, but it's impossible to use video conferencing tools as no-one can hear me. Ideas? Mint 19.1. on a Dell Latitude laptop. Bev.

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Re: No input levels? (Bev Nicolson)
by Peter 13 Oct '22

13 Oct '22

I had this problem some time ago. I think I fixed it in pavucontrol, where for some reason it had got set to mute. I find alsa mixer very opaque also and remember struggling with it. Anyway thinking about this, I just reinstalled Debian, so I ran amixer to see what mine says, and its just this: Simple mixer control 'Master',0 Capabilities: pvolume pswitch pswitch-joined Playback channels: Front Left - Front Right Limits: Playback 0 - 65536 Mono: Front Left: Playback 65536 [100%] [on] Front Right: Playback 65536 [100%] [on] Simple mixer control 'Capture',0 Capabilities: cvolume cswitch cswitch-joined Capture channels: Front Left - Front Right Limits: Capture 0 - 65536 Front Left: Capture 65536 [100%] [on] Front Right: Capture 65536 [100%] [on] This does work. Its much simpler than yours. I don't have a mic installed on this machine however, and my headphones are driven off a headphone amp which is fed over spdif. Have you got zoom installed? And is it still a problem with zoom? I remember also getting a systematic walk thru on diagnosing the problem, I think it was here: http://www.troubleshooters.com/linux/sound/sound_troubleshooting.htm The other thing that occurs to me is, try booting from a 'live' distro like Puppy, or a live version of Mint, and see if that helps. At least that rules out hardware and it gives you a working configuration as a reference. I know it took me quite a lot of fiddling to make it work, and I am not really sure what did it, apart from this vague recollection on pavucontrol. Which I don't seem to have installed now on the new install. I think I also found some material by Carla Schroder which helped. It was a struggle, and I never did get clear what had caused the problem.

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Re: No input levels?
by Bev Nicolson 12 Oct '22

12 Oct '22

On 11/10/2022 18:26, Bev Nicolson wrote: > On 11/10/2022 16:59, Phil Thane wrote: >> Can you try either another mic/earphone in the laptop, or the existing >> mic/earphone in a different machine? It could just be the mic is >> broken. Also, >> some mics on some earphones have a tiny on/off switch. >> >> -- > <big snip> > > I have tried a number of other headphones and have the same problem. > > But can anyone guide me through Alsa? I'm not too sure what slider does > what. Ta. > > Bev [Bit of Googling later] Also no capture. Well it's listed but it may as well be on mute. These are new headphones that work with my tablet, by the way. I'm assuming capture and input are closely related. Bev.

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HP / MSI mobo issue
by Phil Thane 07 Oct '22

07 Oct '22

Hi Folks, I used to be subscribed as phil(a)pthane.co.uk but couldn't figure out how to change the email address so here I am re-subscribed. Same old codger with weird issues though... I have a 'new' desktop PC made from random parts. The MoBo is made by MSI but was an OEM product for HP. Searching for advice on MSI site says refer to HP. The HP support site appears to be crashed, permanently. I think I need a BIOS update and hundreds of sites offer them but how do I find a reliable one? There are two issues: 1. The BIOS fails to find a bootable disk unless I hit f9 and select one. I can enter the BIOS setup via f10 and set boot order there but it doesn't remain in CMOS memory, on next boot I have to do it again. 2. The PC is set to suspend after 30 mins inactivity. On re-awakening the clock is precisely 86 hours fast! Same happens if I put it to sleep manually. It can't be reset via the OS (Mint, Cinnamon), or via hwclock. It resets correctly when rebooted, without needing to fiddle the Date and Time settings in BIOS. I thought maybe the CMOS battery was failing so scrambling the memory. Volt meter showed 3.1V but having tried everything else I replaced the battery anyway, but to no avail. Neither problem is a show stopper, I can set the sleep timer to 'never' and remember to hit f9 during boot, but it's annoying. Any ideas? Or a reliable source of BIOS upgrades? -- Phil Thane Email: philthane(a)gmx.co.uk Tweet: @pthane Web: https://pthane.weebly.com

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Peterborough LUG meeting
by B D 04 Oct '22

04 Oct '22

Hello ALUG users, I'm not sure if you heard that Peterborough LUG got revived recently? At the beginning of September we had a meeting which attracted in excess of 10 users. It's been agreed that regular meetings will take place on first Wednesday of each month. We though that you might want to join us and if so here are the meeting details. This time we will gather at Brewery Tap (PE1 2AA) on 5th October at about 7:30pm. Anyone attending will be charged £3 to cover the venue costs. Long gone are days when people were shamed for using anything other than a Linux computer at Linux meetings so feel free to bring you Mac or Windows laptop. Nevertheless you should expect some cheerful banter ;) Meeting agenda include installing proxmox on a blade server and tackling boot issues on an older laptop. Some other subjects will be covered too. It would be great to see ALUG reps joining us. Cheers, Bart

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Web hosting recommendations wanted
by Chris Green 04 Oct '22

04 Oct '22

I currently use TsoHost but I'm not very happy with them. I'm migrating from their cloud to their cPanel and I'm hitting all sorts of snags while their support is very slow. So does anyone have any recommendations for alternatives please. I'm hosting about ten web sites so something around the same capabilities as their Ultimate package. I need that sort of amount of 'help' too. I do have a VPS on Gandi but I don't want to have to manage other people's web sites on that, I want someone else to shout at when it all goes pear shaped! :-) -- Chris Green

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Any TsoHost users here?
by Chris Green 03 Oct '22

03 Oct '22

Does anyone here use TsoHost? Have they gone seriously downhill recently? I have raised some tickets with them over the past day or two and haven't even got an acknowledgement, let alone any help. -- Chris Green

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change of email address
by Phil Thane 03 Oct '22

03 Oct '22

Hi (admin) folks, After years of maintaining my own website and email for work I'm finally admitting I'm retired and retiring my site. phil(a)pthane.co.uk will stop working next month so please update my membership details (or tell me how). The reply to address: philthane(a)gmax.co.uk will be my address from now on. Thanks. -- Phil Thane

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BIOS / EUFI
by Phil Thane 21 Sep '22

21 Sep '22

Hi folks, Still having fun with my 'new' PC. I mentioned before I thought the BIOS CMOS chip wasn't remembering stuff. Replaced the battery and it appears it does. But not everything. Two problems; a As previously remarked it won't retain choice of boot disk (SATA 0) and throws an error, 'no bootable media' unless I hit f9 to choose a disk, then it boots Grub properly. Even more weird the BIOS date changes, and Mint uses that that to set system time. It jumps forward sometimes by about three days. Most things work OK but emails are rejected as the date is implausible. can't reset it from Mint, have to reboot to BIOS and set there. Not every time though, seems random. -- Phil Thane Email: philthane(a)gmx.co.uk Tweet: @pthane Web: https://pthane.weebly.com

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erratic mouse
by Bev Nicolson 21 Sep '22

21 Sep '22

Erratic mouse behaviour is, I understand, usually a graphics card issue. How do I determine that? Symptoms: neither mouse (wired) or the mouse pad (Dell latitude e5530 - so not in the first flush) behave entirely as they should. I can try clicking on a link or icon and it won't recognise that I have done so till say the third click. It will highlight whole paragraphs of text if I click on a space to add a letter and delete them without my pressing the backspace key. But not always. Mint 19.1 all updates. Bev. P.S. The usb slot for the wired mouse is not as snug as it could be. Is that a factor?

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FLAC CD Ripper?
by Steve Mynott 21 Sep '22

21 Sep '22

Can anyone recommend a native Linux FLAC ripper which auto tags music with basic info like band and song name? Maybe something which resembles EAC since I've used EAC under Wine in the past which used a Free CD metadata library, but I'm not sure if the library is available any more? (note for admin there is a queued duplicate of this email which is HTML. Please ignore) -- Steve Mynott <steve.mynott(a)gmail.com> rsa3072/629FBB91565E591955B5876A79CEFAA4450EBD50

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Server email with minimal overhead
by Mark Rogers 20 Sep '22

20 Sep '22

I always seem to struggle with this most simple of configuration tasks! Starting from a clean install of (say) Ubuntu/Debian, and with a set of SMTP server credentials in your hand, what's the best/simplest way to get email set up so that emails from cron jobs get sent, and so that there's a minimal "mail" client at the commandline? I don't want the overheads of postfix + MySQL that things like mailutils bring in. (Or maybe I should accept those overheads?) The broader objective is that I can set the recipient address for email to root or other users, and the sender address from which emails get sent by default. -- Mark Rogers // More Solutions Ltd (Peterborough Office) // 0344 251 1450 Registered in England (0456 0902) 21 Drakes Mews, Milton Keynes, MK8 0ER

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Re: Server email with minimal overhead
by Phil Ashby 20 Sep '22

20 Sep '22

On 15/09/2022 12:00, Mark Rogers <mark(a)more-solutions.co.uk> wrote: > > I always seem to struggle with this most simple of configuration tasks! > > Starting from a clean install of (say) Ubuntu/Debian, and with a set > of SMTP server credentials in your hand, what's the best/simplest way > to get email set up so that emails from cron jobs get sent, and so > that there's a minimal "mail" client at the commandline? > > I don't want the overheads of postfix + MySQL that things like > mailutils bring in. (Or maybe I should accept those overheads?) > > The broader objective is that I can set the recipient address for > email to root or other users, and the sender address from which emails > get sent by default. I would opt for msmtp-mta (standard package) which fakes sendmail: https://packages.debian.org/bullseye/msmtp-mta No daemons, queues, special accounts or other malarky, just an API that other programs know how to operate and a protocol engine that can talk SMTP to your real mail system. P.

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FLAC CD Ripper?
by Steve Mynott 17 Sep '22

17 Sep '22

Can anyone recommend a native Linux FLAC ripper which auto tags music with basic info like band and song name? Maybe something which resembles EAC since I've used EAC under Wine in the past which used a Free CD metadata library, but I'm not sure if the library is available any more? -- Steve Mynott <steve.mynott(a)gmail.com> rsa3072/629FBB91565E591955B5876A79CEFAA4450EBD50

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cmos jumper?
by Phil Thane 30 Aug '22

30 Aug '22

Hi, After years of upgrading and tinkering with my old desktop, I bought a 'new' one. 'New' as in assembled cheaply by my local computer shop from less than state of the art bits for £300. The machine came with a smallish SSD so I've fitted the 1TB HDD from my old PC alongside. Installed Mint on the SSD and linked my Nextcloud directory on the HDD onto my desktop. On the whole it works fine except the boot routine. On boot I get something like 'Unable to find operating system'. If I tap f9 during boot I get a table of boot options and choosing SATA 0 (ie the SSD) makes it boot as expected. But obviously it's annoying. f10 (I think) takes me into BIOS settings and it appears I can set boot order something I've done on various machines for donkey's years but on this one it doesn't stay in memory, on the next boot it once again cannot find the OS. Also, I noticed the date/time settings keep going wrong. Usual cause of this is either corrupted CMOS settings or more likely a faulty mainboard battery. Either could also be preventing BIOS storing settings. So off with the cover and look for the CMOS jumper. Can't find it. Can't find a decent hi res image of the board online and the instructions on the board manual tell you to move the jumper from pins 1 + 2 to 2+3 (which I knew) but not where it is. Near the battery is a 2 pin header with no label (could be a fan?) and a bit further away a multipin header but I can't make out what that's for, possibly USB? neither has any connectors or jumpers on. So, next step, I removed the battery and tested it. 3.12V which is fine. Left out for a few minutes which should reset BIOS but it didn't cure the problem. I've spent ages searching for info on this specific board with no luck. Can anyone help? Details: Mainboard MS-7778 VER 1.0 On boot I get an HP logo so I suspect the shop recycled it from an HP machine. -- Phil

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Re: How to Change Group
by Phil Ashby 14 Jul '22

14 Jul '22

On 13/07/2022 12:00, steve-ALUG(a)hst.me.uk wrote: > > Hi All > > Due to some historical ineptitude, I have ended up with this situation. > > On my Server, I have UserA, with User ID 1001, and Group ID 1001. > > On my main laptop, I have > > User A UID 1001 GID 1002 > User B UID 1002 GID 1001 > > I've just discovered this. Now, when I open files on a NFS share, > they're shown on my laptop as owned by User A, Group User B, despite the > server thinking they're both User A. > > On my laptop, I need to change the group IDs round in the /etc/group > file so they're consistent with the user IDs. I also need to change any > files legitimately owned by User A or User B to have the "correct" group ID. > > User A is my main laptop user. I have got another - User C I can login as. > > I suspect, what I'll have to do is > > Login as User C > > #something like... > > #change files gid 1001 to gid 4444 > sudo find {magic to find Gid 1001} {exec's strange syntax to} chmod > :4444 "the file" > > #change files gid 1002 to gid 1001 > sudo find {magic to find Gid 1002} {exec's strange syntax to} chmod > :1001 "the file" > > #change files gid 4444 to gid 1002 > sudo find {magic to find Gid 4444} {exec's strange syntax to} chmod > :1002 "the file" > > Then I'll need to change the GID numbers somehow in the Group file. The > simplest way I can think of is just edit the file, save it, then > immediately reboot. > > Before I do this, can anyone see any GOTCHA!s? > > Any suggestions or advice please? Hi Steve, I've had to do similar a few times (also ineptitude in the past, and adding different people to different machines, while having an NFS store in the middle). Gotchas: - everything will be weird until the users log off/on again. - you should re-mount the NFS to drop caches (or restart machine). - files on the server need processing too if there are any from userB Process: - as suggested, go via a non-affected user C, do the sudo/su dance as appropriate for your setup. - use 'vigr' (and 'vigr -s') to update the group files so that you have the IDs allocated as desired (using vigr tell the kernel to re-cache) - unless you know there are files outside user home folders (unlikely), do not attempt a find/chgrp, simply apply a recursive change to the home folder # cd ~userA # chgrp -R userA . # cd ~userB # chgrp -R userB . - safest to restart the machine, and check all is as you expect :) - if you want to try a find/chgrp.. here's the magic I know: # find / -mount -group <gname> -print0 |xargs -0 chgrp <newgname> > from the root, without crossing mount points (you might omit this if you're sure the NFS mount isn't there!), find files with the specified group name or number, spit 'em out with \0 separators to avoid pain with white space in file names. Pipe to xargs which expects \0 separators, then runs chgrp to the required group name in large (efficient) blocks. Cheers, P.

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How to Change Group
by steve-ALUG＠hst.me.uk 13 Jul '22

13 Jul '22

Hi All Due to some historical ineptitude, I have ended up with this situation. On my Server, I have UserA, with User ID 1001, and Group ID 1001. On my main laptop, I have User A UID 1001 GID 1002 User B UID 1002 GID 1001 I've just discovered this. Now, when I open files on a NFS share, they're shown on my laptop as owned by User A, Group User B, despite the server thinking they're both User A. On my laptop, I need to change the group IDs round in the /etc/group file so they're consistent with the user IDs. I also need to change any files legitimately owned by User A or User B to have the "correct" group ID. User A is my main laptop user. I have got another - User C I can login as. I suspect, what I'll have to do is Login as User C #something like... #change files gid 1001 to gid 4444 sudo find {magic to find Gid 1001} {exec's strange syntax to} chmod :4444 "the file" #change files gid 1002 to gid 1001 sudo find {magic to find Gid 1002} {exec's strange syntax to} chmod :1001 "the file" #change files gid 4444 to gid 1002 sudo find {magic to find Gid 4444} {exec's strange syntax to} chmod :1002 "the file" Then I'll need to change the GID numbers somehow in the Group file. The simplest way I can think of is just edit the file, save it, then immediately reboot. Before I do this, can anyone see any GOTCHA!s? Any suggestions or advice please? Thanks in advance. Steve

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[OT] Firefox loses cookies periodically
by Bev Nicolson 11 Jul '22

11 Jul '22

I'm on vs 101 I think now, and periodically Firefox will dump the cookies that I have given an exemption to. (I ask it to delete all the others on closing the browser and have a limit on how much disk space the rest can take up.) What can I do about it? Bev. (Mint 19.1)

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Sharing disk space between servers
by Mark Rogers 27 Jun '22

27 Jun '22

I have several virtual servers with the same provider. Typically I have around 50GB disk space. On some I have largish databases, with consequently large database backups. The backups are for recovery from cock-ups rather than disaster recovery so retaining them on the same server is convenient, but they do tie up disk space, and the ones with the biggest databases lose the most to database backups. So ideally I want to do something to share the spare capacity on other servers, but safely. for example in the event that one server got hacked I don't want that to provide a backdoor to another server, and nor should any data that's been shared onto it be easily accessible. In an ideal world, it would be nice to ring fence (say) 15GB of capacity on server A and make it available over the network to server B such that A can't access B's files even though they're stored there (I accept that I can't stop someone with root on A deleting the files, but they should at least be encrypted so that they can't be read). And whilst B can use that allocated chunk of A's disk, it must not be able to access anything else on A. Ideally the capacity that's shared should be pretty easy to change so I can easily adapt if A needs more space. (I wondered about trying to remotely mount an encrypted file on A as a filesystem on B, but adapting the size later would be difficult.) As anything I do will be making changes to already functioning servers A & B the changes need to be relatively narrow to avoid the risk of breaking something. Thoughts / suggestions / experience of doing something like this? I can think of various paths to take, from simply pushing files over scp and working out how best to secure it (and manage the quota), to something far more complex like GlusterFS, with lots of options in between. So it's not really a lack of ideas as any idea which ones would be best! -- Mark Rogers // More Solutions Ltd (Peterborough Office) // 0344 251 1450 Registered in England (0456 0902) 21 Drakes Mews, Milton Keynes, MK8 0ER

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Editing files on remote servers over SSH
by Mark Rogers 26 Jun '22

26 Jun '22

What's the best way to edit files on remote servers over SSH? Using a text editor directly over SSH is fine, but a GUI editor like VSCode is easier to work with. But I never have much luck getting SSH/SFTP plugins to work reliably, so I wondered what other people do. Preferably cross-platform as I have to switch between platforms a lot. -- Mark Rogers // More Solutions Ltd (Peterborough Office) // 0344 251 1450 Registered in England (0456 0902) 21 Drakes Mews, Milton Keynes, MK8 0ER

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SSD HDD and simlinks?
by Phil Thane 01 Jun '22

01 Jun '22

After plaguing this list for months about my ailing desktop PC I finally skipped it and bought a (basic) new one. It comes with 128GB SSD. It's fast of course but not very big. So here's the plan but any advice would be good... I took the (almost new) 1TB drive out of the old PC and there's a lot of stuff on it. I've fitted it to the new machine but not installed anything yet as my ancient keyboard with a PS2 plug won't fit! Once that's sorted I'll install Mint. I *think* I'll do a standard install to the SSD and ignore the HDD. My user data on the HDD is mostly in /home/phil/Nextcloud and it was synced to my Nextcloud server. I assume, hope, I can keep that synced data on the HDD and just link the directory to my new /home/phil/... Not sure if that means using the link as the Nextcloud directory when setting up the client or maybe Nextcloud will allow me to connect direct to the HDD. Either way though I'm hoping to avoid taking all day to sync my data across the network. I remember long ago having a PC with 2 small HDD and setting it up with / on one but /home on the other. Is that still a thing? Is it worth doing in this case? Though bearing in mind it means formatting the HDD and re-syncing all the data. -- Phil

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Re: Comparing large folders of mostly identical file contents with different filenames (Mark Rogers)
by Peter 31 May '22

31 May '22

A query, not a suggestion, because you are all far, far better informed than me about this stuff! I was curious and looked up what tools are available for this, and came on: rdfind Fdupes dupGuru which all seem to find dupes by content. I am sure Mark is well aware of these and more. So why can't one of them be used to find the dupes? Also, is any of them significantly better than the others? Different but related issue, the app I have used to sync folders in the past is Unison, which I found very simple and effective. Also Grsync. Do people use these? Or is something else preferable? Peter On Sun, 22 May 2022 12:00:03 +0100 main-request(a)lists.alug.org.uk wrote: > Send main mailing list submissions to > main(a)lists.alug.org.uk > > To subscribe or unsubscribe via email, send a message with subject or > body 'help' to > main-request(a)lists.alug.org.uk > > You can reach the person managing the list at > main-owner(a)lists.alug.org.uk > > When replying, please edit your Subject line so it is more specific > than "Re: Contents of main digest..."

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Sharing 2FA (TOTP)
by Mark Rogers 31 May '22

31 May '22

Are there any good ways of sharing 2 factor authentication credentials? Scenario: I have probably 20 accounts secured by 2FA using (currently) Authy to manage them. A colleague similarly has their own 2FA setup (not sure what they use). However there are some accounts we both need access to, and therefore at present we haven't enabled 2FA on. I want to set up 2FA in such a way that either of us can generate a code without sharing anything else to do it. I believe this is using TOTP protocol? I don't know enough about how it works but I can't see any technical reason why the shared secret can't be shared between multiple people (Authy already lets me share between multiple devices, but in an "all or nothing" way.) Obviously sharing 2FA credentials weakens security. But at present the alternative is not using it at all, and surely shared 2FA is better than that. -- Mark Rogers // More Solutions Ltd (Peterborough Office) // 0344 251 1450 Registered in England (0456 0902) 21 Drakes Mews, Milton Keynes, MK8 0ER

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