main March 2004

main@lists.alug.org.uk

64 participants
79 discussions

RE: [ALUG] Linux Newbie Book
by Jenny Hopkins 08 Mar '04

08 Mar '04

> On Tuesday 02 March 2004 15:00, Nick Daniels wrote: > > > > Many thanks everybody for the information, and offers. > I have just checkeked my llocal libary and it has > several copies of "Running Linux" so I will direct them > there. Incredible...our library has an entire shelf devoted to microsoft or how to use the internet but nothing else at all. You can order books, though, so I should think most books are available to those who wait (and pay). There are a lot of helpful web forums for linux beginners, too, such as http://www.justlinux.com/forum/index.php or type linux + newbie into google for more helpful sites. You can ask the most ridiculous questions and no-one knows who you are, unlike this list where you know you will probably meet most people on it at one point or other and they'll go "aaaaah, so *that's* the one who...<insert dumb action here>". :-) Jen ______________________________________________________________________ This email has been scanned by the MessageLabs Email Security System. For more information please visit http://www.messagelabs.com/email ______________________________________________________________________

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Weird 3D behaviour
by Charles Garcia-Tobin 08 Mar '04

08 Mar '04

Hello all Like the antisocial git that I am, I had to wait until I had a problem before my first post. Anyways the problem is this: On my Suse9.0 box whether I get 3D enabled when X starts up seems be a bit random. Sporadically, (more common on an X restart than the first X boot) 3D will be disabled. When this happens I get the following info on /var/log/XFree86.0.log (II) MGA(0): [drm] drmSetBusid failed (9, PCI:1:0:0), Device or resource busy (EE) MGA(0): [drm] DRIScreenInit failed. Disabling DRI. I'm running a matrox G400 card. Another curious aspect of the 3D behaviour is that when it does work, on full screen mode it will change the monitor timings to the point that my monitor will complain their out of range. The monitor will still display, but there is this nasty on-screen-display right in the middle, complaining that the frequency is out of range. Annoyingly there doesn't seem to be way of getting rid of it, so playing a game is a bit tricky. So does anybody know if there is a way of settings the timings for full screen 3D display? Help appreciated Cheers Charles

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xdm, startx etc., what wakes them up?
by Chris Green 08 Mar '04

08 Mar '04

Another problem I had with my Slackware 9.1 system after running xf86config was that it seemed to doing things 'behind my back' after having configured X. Once I'd configured the XF86Config file I ran startx (I think it was) and up popped my xfce for root (I was still root), great I thought, all is well. However when I rebooted, something somewhere had configured xdm to work for local as well as remote connections. This was (sort of) OK but I'd really prefer it not to happen in the future as:- Most of the time I run my Linux desktop on my WIn2k system using an X server. If/when I log into the Linux box directly it's because something is awry and very often running X automatically will simply get in the way. I want to default to a command line login locally. It uses resources unnecessarily How do you shut down? In the end I CTRL/ALT/F2ed to an alternative console and ran 'shutdown -h now' there but this seems a bit convoluted and as it's not the system console the messages get a bit confused. It meant my mouse problems were worse because gpm had got the mouse configured wrong before X got a look in (or something like that, I haven't really sorted it out yet). -- Chris Green (chris(a)areti.co.uk)

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Re: [ALUG] Anyone want Mandrake 10 ISOs?
by Joe Button 08 Mar '04

08 Mar '04

On Monday 08 March 2004 09:17, Richard Lewis wrote: > >I downloaded the Mandrake 10 community edition ISOs today, so if anyone's > > in Norwich and would like a copy let me know and I'll burn some CDs for > > you. > > Um, I think only Mandrake club members can donwload the ISOs at the moment. > If you are and have respectively then you probably shouldn't give them away > to non-club members. Everything I'm proposing distributing is under GPL or similar license so there's certainly no legal issue with giving away copies. The download facility is a mandrakeclub membership perk, but the software remains free. This is my understanding anyway. Having said which, I do think that people should do the decent thing and join mandrakeclub unless they really can't afford it, especially given Mandrake's financial problems in the past. I'll be at the ALUG meeting at the City Gate on Thursday so people can get their CDs there. Replacement blank CDRs would be appreciated (it's 4 CDs). I've had three people email me so far - any more takers? Joe

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Re: RE: [ALUG] Anyone want Mandrake 10 ISOs?
by syd＠toufol.com 08 Mar '04

08 Mar '04

Richard Lewis <richard.lewis(a)uea.ac.uk> wrote on 08.03.2004, 10:17:50: > >I downloaded the Mandrake 10 community edition ISOs today, so if anyone's in > >Norwich and would like a copy let me know and I'll burn some CDs for you. > > Um, I think only Mandrake club members can donwload the ISOs at the moment. If > you are and have respectively then you probably shouldn't give them away to > non-club members. Community edition will be available for general d'load > soon. I'm not sure this is correct. AFAIK although the d/l *facility* is reserved for club members only at present, I don't believe that there are any restrictions on sharing the first four CDs once we have them. (CD5 is commercial s/w AFAIR and is more restricted). But, it does need clarification. When I can get on the mandrakeclub forums I'll ask about this. Syd

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RE: [ALUG] Anyone want Mandrake 10 ISOs?
by Richard Lewis 08 Mar '04

08 Mar '04

>I downloaded the Mandrake 10 community edition ISOs today, so if anyone's in >Norwich and would like a copy let me know and I'll burn some CDs for you. Um, I think only Mandrake club members can donwload the ISOs at the moment. If you are and have respectively then you probably shouldn't give them away to non-club members. Community edition will be available for general d'load soon. Cheers, Richard

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Weekly IRC reminder
by Neill Newman 08 Mar '04

08 Mar '04

This is the automated ALUG IRC meeting reminder sent to remind you that there is an IRC meeting tonight (Monday) at 8.00pm. The meeting takes place on the irc server irc.alug.org.uk in the #alug channel. Most IRC clients should allow you to get there with the commands "/server irc.alug.org.uk" and "/join #alug". Popular IRC clients include tkirc, bitchx, xchat and EPIC on Unix, and Mirc under windows. Here are some links to help you get started with irc. Unix http://www.xchat.org/ http://freshmeat.net/ http://www.epicsol.org/ Windows http://www.mirc.com (loads of help with irc for newbies!)

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Re: [ALUG] Suse 8.2 - Internet Connection Sharing
by Bruce Clark 07 Mar '04

07 Mar '04

Hi Wayne Stallwood and Peter Onion gave me some advice, but it dosen't seem to have worked. Wayne - Here is the info you asked for: Some lines from /var/log/messages Mar 7 21:30:08 linux pppd[13840]: remote IP address 135.196.22.152 Mar 7 21:30:08 linux pppd[13840]: primary DNS address 194.168.4.100 Mar 7 21:30:08 linux pppd[13840]: secondary DNS address 194.168.8.100 Mar 7 21:30:08 linux modify_resolvconf: Service pppd modified /etc/resolv.conf. See info block in this file Mar 7 21:30:09 linux kernel: SuSE-FW-ILLEGAL-ROUTING IN=eth0 OUT=ppp0 SRC=192.168.0.2 DST=205.188.250.25 LEN=48 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=127 ID=111 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=1036 DPT=80 WINDOW=64240 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=12288 OPT (020405B401010402) Mar 7 21:30:10 linux SuSEfirewall2: Firewall rules successfully set from /etc/sysconfig/SuSEfirewall2 Mar 7 21:30:10 linux pppd[13840]: Script /etc/ppp/ip-up finished (pid 13879), status = 0x0 Mar 7 21:30:15 linux kernel: SuSE-FW-DROP-ANTI-SPOOFING IN=eth0 OUT= MAC= SRC=192.168.0.1 DST=192.168.0.255 LEN=240 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=28407 DF PROTO=UDP SPT=138 DPT=138 LEN=220 Mar 7 21:30:15 linux kernel: SuSE-FW-DROP-ANTI-SPOOFING IN=eth0 OUT= MAC= SRC=192.168.0.1 DST=192.168.0.255 LEN=234 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=28408 DF PROTO=UDP SPT=138 DPT=138 LEN=214 Mar 7 21:30:34 linux pppd[13840]: CCP: timeout sending Config-Requests The contents of /etc/sysconfig/susefirewall2 # Copyright (c) 2000-2002 SuSE GmbH Nuernberg, Germany. All rights reserved. # # Author: Marc Heuse <marc(a)suse.de>, 2002 # Please contact me directly if you find bugs. # # If you have problems getting this tool configures, please read this file # carefuly and take also a look into # -> /usr/share/doc/packages/SuSEfirewall2/EXAMPLES ! # -> /usr/share/doc/packages/SuSEfirewall2/FAQ ! # -> /usr/share/doc/packages/SuSEfirewall2/SuSEfirewall2.conf.EXAMPLE ! # # /etc/sysconfig/SuSEfirewall2 # # for use with /sbin/SuSEfirewall2 version 3.1 which is for 2.4 kernels! # # ------------------------------------------------------------------------ # # PLEASE NOTE THE FOLLOWING: # # Just by configuring these settings and using the SuSEfirewall2 you are # not secure per se! There is *not* such a thing you install and hence you # are safed from all (security) hazards. # # To ensure your security, you need also: # # * Secure all services you are offering to untrusted networks (internet) # You can do this by using software which has been designed with # security in mind (like postfix, apop3d, ssh), setting these up without # misconfiguration and praying, that they have got really no holes. # SuSEcompartment can help in most circumstances to reduce the risk. # * Do not run untrusted software. (philosophical question, can you trust # SuSE or any other software distributor?) # * Harden your server(s) with the harden_suse package/script # * Recompile your kernel with the openwall-linux kernel patch # (former secure-linux patch, from Solar Designer) www.openwall.com # * Check the security of your server(s) regulary # * If you are using this server as a firewall/bastion host to the internet # for an internal network, try to run proxy services for everything and # disable routing on this machine. # * If you run DNS on the firewall: disable untrusted zone transfers and # either don't allow access to it from the internet or run it split-brained. # # Good luck! # # Yours, # SuSE Security Team # # ------------------------------------------------------------------------ # # Configuration HELP: # # If you have got any problems configuring this file, take a look at # /usr/share/doc/packages/SuSEfirewall2/EXAMPLES for an example. # # # All types have to set enable SuSEfirewall2 in the runlevel editor # # If you are a end-user who is NOT connected to two networks (read: you have # got a single user system and are using a dialup to the internet) you just # have to configure (all other settings are OK): 2) and maybe 9). # # If this server is a firewall, which should act like a proxy (no direct # routing between both networks), or you are an end-user connected to the # internet and to an internal network, you have to setup your proxys and # reconfigure (all other settings are OK): 2), 3), 9) and maybe 7), 11), 14) # # If this server is a firewall, and should do routing/masquerading between # the untrusted and the trusted network, you have to reconfigure (all other # settings are OK): 2), 3), 5), 6), 9), and maybe 7), 10), 11), 12), 13), # 14), 20) # # If you want to run a DMZ in either of the above three standard setups, you # just have to configure *additionally* 4), 9), 12), 13), 17), 19). # # If you know what you are doing, you may also change 8), 11), 15), 16) # and the expert options 19), 20), 21), 22) and 23) at the far end, but you # should NOT. # # If you use diald or ISDN autodialing, you might want to set 17). # # To get programs like traceroutes to your firewall to work is a bit tricky, # you have to set the following options to "yes" : 11 (UDP only), 18 and 19. # # Please note that if you use service names, that they exist in /etc/services. # There is no service "dns", it's called "domain"; email is called "smtp" etc. # # *Any* routing between interfaces except masquerading requires to set FW_ROUTE # to "yes" and use FW_FORWARD or FW_ALLOW_CLASS_ROUTING ! # # If you just want to do masquerading without filtering, ignore this script # and run this line (exchange "ippp0" "ppp0" if you use a modem, not isdn): # iptables -A POSTROUTING -t nat -j MASQUERADE -o ippp0 # echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward # and additionally the following lines to get at least a minimum of security: # iptables -A INPUT -j DROP -m state --state NEW,INVALID -i ippp0 # iptables -A FORWARD -j DROP -m state --state NEW,INVALID -i ippp0 # ------------------------------------------------------------------------ ## Path: Network/Firewall/SuSEfirewall2 ## Description: SuSEfirewall2 configuration ## Type: yesno ## Default: no # # 1.) # Should the Firewall run in quickmode? # # "Quickmode" means that only the interfaces pointing to external networks # are secured, and no other. all interfaces not in the list of FW_DEV_EXT # are allowed full network access! Additionally, masquerading is # automatically activated for FW_MASQ_DEV devices. and last but not least: # all incoming connection via external interfaces are REJECTED. # You will only need to configure 2.) and FW_MASQ_DEV in 6.) # Optionally, you may add entries to section 9a.) # # Choice: "yes" or "no", if not set defaults to "no" # FW_QUICKMODE="no" ## Type: string # 2.) # Which is the interface that points to the internet/untrusted networks? # # Enter all the network devices here which are untrusted. # # Choice: any number of devices, seperated by a space # e.g. "eth0", "ippp0 ippp1 eth0:1" # FW_DEV_EXT="ppp0" ## Type: string # # 3.) # Which is the interface that points to the internal network? # # Enter all the network devices here which are trusted. # If you are not connected to a trusted network (e.g. you have just a # dialup) leave this empty. # # Choice: leave empty or any number of devices, seperated by a space # e.g. "tr0", "eth0 eth1 eth1:1" or "" # FW_DEV_INT="eth0" ## Type: string # # 4.) # Which is the interface that points to the dmz or dialup network? # # Enter all the network devices here which point to the dmz/dialups. # A "dmz" is a special, seperated network, which is only connected to the # firewall, and should be reachable from the internet to provide services, # e.g. WWW, Mail, etc. and hence are at risk from attacks. # See /usr/share/doc/packages/SuSEfirewall2/EXAMPLES for an example. # # Special note: You have to configure FW_FORWARD to define the services # which should be available to the internet and set FW_ROUTE to yes. # # Choice: leave empty or any number of devices, seperated by a space # e.g. "tr0", "eth0 eth1 eth1:1" or "" # FW_DEV_DMZ="" ## Type: yesno ## Default: no # # 5.) # Should routing between the internet, dmz and internal network be activated? # REQUIRES: FW_DEV_INT or FW_DEV_DMZ # # You need only set this to yes, if you either want to masquerade internal # machines or allow access to the dmz (or internal machines, but this is not # a good idea). This option supersedes IP_FORWARD from # /etc/sysconfig/network/options # # Setting this option one alone doesn't do anything. Either activate # massquerading with FW_MASQUERADE below if you want to masquerade your # internal network to the internet, or configure FW_FORWARD to define # what is allowed to be forwarded! # # Choice: "yes" or "no", if not set defaults to "no" # FW_ROUTE="yes" ## Type: yesno ## Default: no # # 6.) # Do you want to masquerade internal networks to the outside? # REQUIRES: FW_DEV_INT or FW_DEV_DMZ, FW_ROUTE # # "Masquerading" means that all your internal machines which use services on # the internet seem to come from your firewall. # Please note that it is more secure to communicate via proxies to the # internet than masquerading. This option is required for FW_MASQ_NETS and # FW_FORWARD_MASQ. # # Choice: "yes" or "no", if not set defaults to "no" # FW_MASQUERADE="yes" ## Type: string # # You must also define on which interface(s) to masquerade on. This is # normally your external device(s) to the internet. # Most users can leave the default below. # # e.g. "ippp0" or "$FW_DEV_EXT" FW_MASQ_DEV="$FW_DEV_EXT" ## Type: string # # Which internal computers/networks are allowed to access the internet # directly (not via proxys on the firewall)? # Only these networks will be allowed access and will be masqueraded! # # Choice: leave empty or any number of hosts/networks seperated by a space. # Every host/network may get a list of allowed services, otherwise everything # is allowed. A target network, protocol and service is appended by a comma to # the host/network. e.g. "10.0.0.0/8" allows the whole 10.0.0.0 network with # unrestricted access. "10.0.1.0/24,0/0,tcp,80 10.0.1.0/24,0/0tcp,21" allows # the 10.0.1.0 network to use www/ftp to the internet. # "10.0.1.0/24,tcp,1024:65535 10.0.2.0/24" is OK too. # Set this variable to "0/0" to allow unrestricted access to the internet. # FW_MASQ_NETS="0/0" ## Type: yesno ## Default: yes # # 7.) # Do you want to protect the firewall from the internal network? # REQUIRES: FW_DEV_INT # # If you set this to "yes", internal machines may only access services on # the machine you explicitly allow. They will be also affected from the # FW_AUTOPROTECT_SERVICES option. # If you set this to "no", any user can connect (and attack) any service on # the firewall. # # Choice: "yes" or "no", if not set defaults to "yes" # # "yes" is a good choice FW_PROTECT_FROM_INTERNAL="no" ## Type: yesno ## Default: yes # # 8.) # Do you want to autoprotect all running network services on the firewall? # # If set to "yes", all network access to services TCP and UDP on this machine # will be prevented (except to those which you explicitly allow, see below: # FW_SERVICES_{EXT,DMZ,INT}_{TCP,UDP}) # # Choice: "yes" or "no", if not set defaults to "yes" # FW_AUTOPROTECT_SERVICES="yes" ## Type: string # # 9.) # Which services ON THE FIREWALL should be accessible from either the internet # (or other untrusted networks), the dmz or internal (trusted networks)? # (see no.13 & 14 if you want to route traffic through the firewall) XXX # # Enter all ports or known portnames below, seperated by a space. # TCP services (e.g. SMTP, WWW) must be set in FW_SERVICES_*_TCP, and # UDP services (e.g. syslog) must be set in FW_SERVICES_*_UDP. # e.g. if a webserver on the firewall should be accessible from the internet: # FW_SERVICES_EXT_TCP="www" # e.g. if the firewall should receive syslog messages from the dmz: # FW_SERVICES_DMZ_UDP="syslog" # For IP protocols (like GRE for PPTP, or OSPF for routing) you need to set # FW_SERVICES_*_IP with the protocol name or number (see /etc/protocols) # # Choice: leave empty or any number of ports, known portnames (from # /etc/services) and port ranges seperated by a space. Port ranges are # written like this: allow port 1 to 10 -> "1:10" # e.g. "", "smtp", "123 514", "3200:3299", "ftp 22 telnet 512:514" # For FW_SERVICES_*_IP enter the protocol name (like "igmp") or number ("2") # # Common: smtp domain FW_SERVICES_EXT_TCP="http https imap imaps pop3 pop3s rsync smtp ssh telnet" ## Type: string # Common: domain FW_SERVICES_EXT_UDP="" # Common: domain ## Type: string # For VPN/Routing which END at the firewall!! FW_SERVICES_EXT_IP="" ## Type: string # # Common: smtp domain FW_SERVICES_DMZ_TCP="" ## Type: string # Common: domain FW_SERVICES_DMZ_UDP="" ## Type: string # For VPN/Routing which END at the firewall!! FW_SERVICES_DMZ_IP="" ## Type: string # # Common: ssh smtp domain FW_SERVICES_INT_TCP="" ## Type: string # Common: domain syslog FW_SERVICES_INT_UDP="" # For VPN/Routing which END at the firewall!! FW_SERVICES_INT_IP="" ## Type: string # 9a.) # External services in QUICKMODE. # This is only used for QUICKMODE (see 1.)! # (The settings here are similar to section 9.) # Which services ON THE FIREWALL should be accessible from either the # internet (or other untrusted networks), i.e. the external interface(s) # $FW_DEV_EXT # # Enter all ports or known portnames below, seperated by a space. # TCP services (e.g. SMTP, WWW) must be set in FW_SERVICES_QUICK_TCP, and # UDP services (e.g. syslog) must be set in FW_SERVICES_QUICK_UDP. # e.g. if a secure shell daemon on the firewall should be accessible from # the internet: # FW_SERVICES_QUICK_TCP="ssh" # e.g. if the firewall should receive isakmp (IPsec) internet: # FW_SERVICES_QUICK_UDP="isakmp" # For IP protocols (like IPsec) you need to set # FW_SERVICES_QUICK_IP="50" # # Choice: leave empty or any number of ports, known portnames (from # /etc/services) and port ranges seperated by a space. Port ranges are # written like this: allow port 1 to 10 -> "1:10" # e.g. "", "smtp", "123 514", "3200:3299", "ftp 22 telnet 512:514" # For FW_SERVICES_*_IP enter the protocol name (like "igmp") or number ("2") # # QUICKMODE: TCP services open to external networks (InterNet) # (Common: ssh smtp) FW_SERVICES_QUICK_TCP="" ## Type: string # QUICKMODE: UDP services open to external networks (InterNet) # (Common: isakmp) FW_SERVICES_QUICK_UDP="" ## Type: string # QUICKMODE: IP protocols unconditionally open to external networks (InterNet) # (For VPN firewall that is VPN gateway: 50) FW_SERVICES_QUICK_IP="" ## Type: string # # 10.) # Which services should be accessible from trusted hosts/nets? # # Define trusted hosts/networks (doesnt matter if they are internal or # external) and the TCP and/or UDP services they are allowed to use. # Please note that a trusted host/net is *not* allowed to ping the firewall # until you set it to allow also icmp! # # Choice: leave FW_TRUSTED_NETS empty or any number of computers and/or # networks, seperated by a space. e.g. "172.20.1.1 172.20.0.0/16" # Optional, enter a protocol after a comma, e.g. "1.1.1.1,icmp" # Optional, enter a port after a protocol, e.g. "2.2.2.2,tcp,22" # FW_TRUSTED_NETS="" ## Type: string # # 11.) # How is access allowed to high (unpriviliged [above 1023]) ports? # # You may either allow everyone from anyport access to your highports ("yes"), # disallow anyone ("no"), anyone who comes from a defined port (portnumber or # known portname) [note that this is easy to circumvent!], or just your # defined nameservers ("DNS"). # Note that you can't use rpc requests (e.g. rpcinfo, showmount) as root # from a firewall using this script (well, you can if you include range # 600:1023 in FW_SERVICES_EXT_UDP ...). # Please note that with v2.1 "yes" is not mandatory for active FTP from # the firewall anymore. # # Choice: "yes", "no", "DNS", portnumber or known portname, # if not set defaults to "no" # # Common: "ftp-data", better is "yes" to be sure that everything else works :-( FW_ALLOW_INCOMING_HIGHPORTS_TCP="no" ## Type: string # Common: "DNS" or "domain ntp", better is "yes" to be sure ... FW_ALLOW_INCOMING_HIGHPORTS_UDP="DNS" ## Type: yesno ## Default: yes # # 12.) # Are you running some of the services below? # They need special attention - otherwise they won´t work! # # Set services you are running to "yes", all others to "no", # if not set defaults to "no" # If you want to offer the below services to your DMZ as well, # (and not just internally), set the switches below to "dmz", # if you even want to offer to the world as well, set to "ext" # instead of "yes" (NOT RECOMMENDED FOR SECURITY REASONS!) # FW_SERVICE_AUTODETECT="yes" # Autodetect the services below when starting ## Type: yesno ## Default: no # If you are running bind/named set to yes. Remember that you have to open # port 53 (or "domain") as udp/tcp to allow incoming queries. # Also FW_ALLOW_INCOMING_HIGHPORTS_UDP needs to be "yes" FW_SERVICE_DNS="no" ## Type: yesno ## Default: no # if you use dhclient to get an ip address you have to set this to "yes" ! FW_SERVICE_DHCLIENT="no" ## Type: yesno ## Default: no # set to "yes" if this server is a DHCP server FW_SERVICE_DHCPD="no" ## Type: yesno ## Default: no # set to "yes" if this server is running squid. You still have to open the # tcp port 3128 to allow remote access to the squid proxy service. FW_SERVICE_SQUID="no" ## Type: yesno ## Default: no # set to "yes" if this server is running a samba server. You still have to # open the tcp port 139 to allow remote access to SAMBA. FW_SERVICE_SAMBA="no" ## Type: string # # 13.) # Which services accessed from the internet should be allowed to the # dmz (or internal network - if it is not masqueraded)? # REQUIRES: FW_ROUTE # # With this option you may allow access to e.g. your mailserver. The # machines must have valid, non-private, IP addresses which were assigned to # you by your ISP. This opens a direct link to your network, so only use # this option for access to your dmz!!!! # # Choice: leave empty (good choice!) or use the following explained syntax # of forwarding rules, seperated each by a space. # A forwarding rule consists of 1) source IP/net and 2) destination IP # seperated by a comma. e.g. "1.1.1.1,2.2.2.2 3.3.3.3/16,4.4.4.4/24" # Optional is a protocol, seperated by a comma, e.g. "5.5.5.5,6.6.6.6,igmp" # Optional is a port after the protocol with a comma, e.g. "0/0,0/0,udp,514" # FW_FORWARD="" # Beware to use this! ## Type: string # # 14.) # Which services accessed from the internet should be allowed to masqueraded # servers (on the internal network or dmz)? # REQUIRES: FW_ROUTE # # With this option you may allow access to e.g. your mailserver. The # machines must be in a masqueraded segment and may not have public IP addesses! # Hint: if FW_DEV_MASQ is set to the external interface you have to set # FW_FORWARD from internal to DMZ for the service as well to allow access # from internal! # # Please note that this should *not* be used for security reasons! You are # opening a hole to your precious internal network. If e.g. the webserver there # is compromised - your full internal network is compromised!! # # Choice: leave empty (good choice!) or use the following explained syntax # of forward masquerade rules, seperated each by a space. # A forward masquerade rule consists of 1) source IP/net, 2) the IP to which # the requests will be forwarded to (in the dmz/intern net), 3) a protocol # (tcp/udp only!) and 4) destination port, seperated by a comma (","), e.g. # "4.0.0.0/8,1.1.1.1,tcp,80" # # Optional is a port after the destination port, to redirect the request to # a different destination port on the destination IP, e.g. # "4.0.0.0/8,1.1.1.1,tcp,80,81" # # Optional is an target IP address on which should the masquerading be decided. # You have to set the optional port option to use this. # # Example: # 200.200.200.0/24,10.0.0.10,tcp,80,81,202.202.202.202 # The class C network 200.200.200.0/24 trying to access 202.202.202.202 port # 80 will be forwarded to the internal server 10.0.0.10 on port 81. # Example: # 200.200.200.0/24,10.0.0.10,tcp,80 # The class C network 200.200.200.0/24 trying to access anything which goes # through this firewall ill be forwarded to the internal server 10.0.0.10 on # port 80 # FW_FORWARD_MASQ="" # Beware to use this! ## Type: string # # 15.) # Which accesses to services should be redirected to a localport on the # firewall machine? # # This can be used to force all internal users to surf via your squid proxy, # or transparently redirect incoming webtraffic to a secure webserver. # # Choice: leave empty or use the following explained syntax of redirecting # rules, seperated by a space. # A redirecting rule consists of 1) source IP/net, 2) destination IP/net, # 3) protocol (tcp or udp) 3) original destination port and 4) local port to # redirect the traffic to, seperated by a colon. e.g.: # "10.0.0.0/8,0/0,tcp,80,3128 0/0,172.20.1.1,tcp,80,8080" # Please note that as 2) destination, you may add '!' in front of the IP/net # to specify everything EXCEPT this IP/net. # FW_REDIRECT="" ## Type: yesno ## Default: yes # # 16.) # Which logging level should be enforced? # You can define to log packets which were accepted or denied. # You can also the set log level, the critical stuff or everything. # Note that logging *_ALL is only for debugging purpose ... # # Choice: "yes" or "no", if not set FW_LOG_*_CRIT defaults to "yes", and # FW_LOG_*_ALL defaults to "no" # FW_LOG_DROP_CRIT="yes" ## Type: yesno ## Default: no # FW_LOG_DROP_ALL="no" ## Type: yesno ## Default: yes # FW_LOG_ACCEPT_CRIT="yes" ## Type: yesno ## Default: no # FW_LOG_ACCEPT_ALL="no" ## Type: string # # only change/activate this if you know what you are doing! FW_LOG="--log-level warning --log-tcp-options --log-ip-option --log-prefix SuSE-FW" ## Type: yesno ## Default: yes # # 17.) # Do you want to enable additional kernel TCP/IP security features? # If set to yes, some obscure kernel options are set. # (icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses, icmp_echoreply_rate, # icmp_destunreach_rate, icmp_paramprob_rate, icmp_timeexeed_rate, # ip_local_port_range, log_martians, mc_forwarding, mc_forwarding, # rp_filter, routing flush) # Tip: Set this to "no" until you have verified that you have got a # configuration which works for you. Then set this to "yes" and keep it # if everything still works. (It should!) ;-) # # Choice: "yes" or "no", if not set defaults to "yes" # FW_KERNEL_SECURITY="yes" ## Type: yesno ## Default: no # # 18.) # Keep the routing set on, if the firewall rules are unloaded? # REQUIRES: FW_ROUTE # # If you are using diald, or automatic dialing via ISDN, if packets need # to be sent to the internet, you need to turn this on. The script will then # not turn off routing and masquerading when stopped. # You *might* also need this if you have got a DMZ. # Please note that this is *insecure*! If you unload the rules, but are still # connected, you might your internal network open to attacks! # The better solution is to remove "/sbin/SuSEfirewall2 stop" or # "/sbin/init.d/firewall stop" from the ip-down script! # # # Choices "yes" or "no", if not set defaults to "no" # FW_STOP_KEEP_ROUTING_STATE="no" ## Type: yesno ## Default: yes # # 19.) # Allow (or don't) ICMP echo pings on either the firewall or the dmz from # the internet? The internet option is for allowing the DMZ and the internal # network to ping the internet. # REQUIRES: FW_ROUTE for FW_ALLOW_PING_DMZ and FW_ALLOW_PING_EXT # # Choice: "yes" or "no", defaults to "no" if not set # FW_ALLOW_PING_FW="yes" ## Type: yesno ## Default: no # FW_ALLOW_PING_DMZ="no" ## Type: yesno ## Default: no # FW_ALLOW_PING_EXT="no" ## # END of /etc/sysconfig/SuSEfirewall2 ## # # #-------------------------------------------------------------------------# # # # EXPERT OPTIONS - all others please don't change these! # # # #-------------------------------------------------------------------------# # # ## Type: yesno ## Default: yes # # 20.) # Allow (or don't) ICMP time-to-live-exceeded to be send from your firewall. # This is used for traceroutes to your firewall (or traceroute like tools). # # Please note that the unix traceroute only works if you say "yes" to # FW_ALLOW_INCOMING_HIGHPORTS_UDP, and windows traceroutes only if you say # additionally "yes" to FW_ALLOW_PING_FW # # Choice: "yes" or "no", if not set defaults to "no" # FW_ALLOW_FW_TRACEROUTE="yes" ## Type: yesno ## Default: yes # # 21.) # Allow ICMP sourcequench from your ISP? # # If set to yes, the firewall will notice when connection is choking, however # this opens yourself to a denial of service attack. Choose your poison. # # Choice: "yes" or "no", if not set defaults to "yes" # FW_ALLOW_FW_SOURCEQUENCH="yes" ## Type: yesno ## Default: no # # 22.) # Allow/Ignore IP Broadcasts? # # If set to yes, the firewall will not filter broadcasts by default. # This is needed e.g. for Netbios/Samba, RIP, OSPF where the broadcast # option is used. # If you do not want to allow them however ignore the annoying log entries, # set FW_IGNORE_FW_BROADCAST to yes. # # Choice: "yes" or "no", if not set defaults to "no" # FW_ALLOW_FW_BROADCAST="no" ## Type: yesno ## Default: yes # FW_IGNORE_FW_BROADCAST="yes" ## Type: yesno ## Default: no # # 23.) # Allow same class routing per default? # REQUIRES: FW_ROUTE # # Do you want to allow routing between interfaces of the same class # (e.g. between all internet interfaces, or all internal network interfaces) # be default (so without the need setting up FW_FORWARD definitions)? # # Choice: "yes" or "no", if not set defaults to "no" # FW_ALLOW_CLASS_ROUTING="no" ## Type: string # # 25.) # Do you want to load customary rules from a file? # # This is really an expert option. NO HELP WILL BE GIVEN FOR THIS! # READ THE EXAMPLE CUSTOMARY FILE AT /etc/sysconfig/scripts/SuSEfirewall2-custom # #FW_CUSTOMRULES="/etc/sysconfig/scripts/SuSEfirewall2-custom" FW_CUSTOMRULES="" ## Type: yesno ## Default: no # # 26.) # Do you want to REJECT packets instead of DROPing? # # DROPing (which is the default) will make portscans and attacks much # slower, as no replies to the packets will be sent. REJECTing means, that # for every illegal packet, a connection reject packet is sent to the # sender. # # Choice: "yes" or "no", if not set defaults to "no" # FW_REJECT="no" ## Type: string # # 27.) # Tuning your upstream a little bit via HTB (Hierarchical Token Bucket) # for more information about HTB see http://www.lartc.org # # If your download collapses while you have a parallel upload, # this parameter might be an option for you. It manages your # upload stream and reserves bandwidth for special packets like # TCP ACK packets or interactive SSH. # It's a list of devices and maximum bandwidth in kbit. # For example, the german TDSL account, provides 128kbit/s upstream # and 768kbit/s downstream. We can only tune the upstream. # # Example: # If you want to tune a 128kbit/s upstream DSL device like german TDSL set # the following values: # FW_HTB_TUNE_DEV="ppp0,125" # where ppp0 is your pppoe device and 125 stands for 125kbit/s upstream # # you might wonder why 125kbit/s and not 128kbit/s. Well practically you'll # get a better performance if you keep the value a few percent under your # real maximum upload bandwidth, to prevent the DSL modem from queuing traffic in # it's own buffers because queing is done by us now. # So for a 256kbit upstream # FW_HTB_TUNE_DEV="ppp0,250" # might be a better value than "ppp0,256". There is no perfect value for a # special kind of modem. The perfect value depends on what kind of traffic you # have on your line but 5% under your maximum upstream might be a good start. # Everthing else is special fine tuning. # If you want to know more about the technical background, # http://tldp.org/HOWTO/ADSL-Bandwidth-Management-HOWTO/ # is a good start # FW_HTB_TUNE_DEV="" The results of tracert 66.102.11.99 Completed in 14 hops. Hop 2 timed out. IPConfig: DHCP Enabled - no IP Address - 192.168.0.2 Subnet - 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway - 192.168.0.1 Sorry for the long message -- Bruce Clark http://www.social-informatics.net

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Suse 8.2 - Internet Connection Sharing
by Bruce Clark 07 Mar '04

07 Mar '04

Hi, This is my first post to the group. I hope the question isn't one that is asked all the time. I run a Suse 8.2 on a laptop that is also my only internet connection. I am trying to get my Windows PC to connect to the internet through my Laptop. My IP settings are as follows: Laptop - 192.168.0.1 - 255.255.255.0 Windows - 192.168.0.2 - 255.255.255.0 I have tried using the Suse firewall to enable masquerading, but nothing seems to be working. The two machines can see each other. Many thanks in advance. -- Bruce Clark http://www.social-informatics.net

3 2

Feroda
by Peter Onion 06 Mar '04

06 Mar '04

Are there any Fedora Core 1 or core 2 users here ? I've put Core 1 on my little black box, and I'm downloading core 2 iso's at the moment (for a few hours more as well). Peter

2 1

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